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Jun 01, 2023

How to create a broken link (404) checker

Ian Vanagas
Ian Vanagas

Broken links and 404s are frustrating for users. Without a way to check for them, you might not realize they exist and can’t fix them. This tutorial shows you how to create a broken link checker for a Next.js app that sends a notification in Slack when a user visits a page that doesn’t exist.

Creating a Next.js app and adding PostHog

To start, create a Next.js app. Run the command below, chose not to use TypeScript, and the defaults for all the other options (including yes to using the app router).

Terminal
npx create-next-app@latest 404s

Next, go into your newly created 404s folder and install posthog-js.

Terminal
cd 404s 
npm i posthog-js

In the app folder, create a provider.js file where we initialize PostHog on the client side.

JavaScript
// app/providers.js
'use client'
import posthog from 'posthog-js'
import { PostHogProvider } from 'posthog-js/react'


if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
  posthog.init('<ph_project_api_key>',{
    api_host:'<ph_instance_address>'
  })
}


export default function PHProvider({ children }) {
  return <PostHogProvider client={posthog}>{children}</PostHogProvider>
}

Once created, we can import the provider into the layout.js file to access PostHog throughout our app.

JavaScript
// app/layout.js
import './globals.css'
import Providers from './providers'


export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
  return (
    <html lang="en">
      <Providers>
        <body>{children}</body>
      </Providers>
    </html>
  )
}

Building a custom 404 page

To capture broken link events, create a custom 404 page to send details to PostHog. In your app folder, create a file named not-found.js. In this file, set up PostHog to send an event and return a component saying the page isn’t found.

JavaScript
//app/not-found.js
'use client'
import Link from 'next/link';
import { usePostHog } from 'posthog-js/react';
import { useEffect } from 'react';
 
export default function NotFound() {
  const posthog = usePostHog();


  useEffect(() => {
    posthog.capture('not-found');
  }, []);


  return (
    <div>
      <h2>Not Found</h2>
      <p>Could not find requested resource</p>
      <p>
        <Link href="/blog">Go home</Link>
      </p>
    </div>
  );
}

Once done, build the app and run it. We don’t use the development server as it triggers repeated reloads on pages not found.

Terminal
npm run build
npm start

When you go to a route that doesn’t exist, like http://localhost:3000/test, your app captures a not found event and return the component.

Setting up our Slack webhook

Since we want to send our 404s and broken links to somewhere we check frequently, we will set up a Slack webhook to send notifications.

To do this:

  1. Go to the Slack developer dashboard, create an app from scratch, name it, select your workspace, and click "Create App."
  2. Next, go to "Incoming Webhooks," activate them, click "add new webhook to workspace," select a channel (I made a new 404s-broken-links channel for it), and click allow.
  3. Copy your webhook URL for use in PostHog.

Creating an action and sending it to Slack

With our Slack webhook, we can set up an action that triggers the webhook when someone hits a 404 or broken link.

  1. Go to your project settings, scroll to webhook integration, paste your Slack webhook link, and click "test and save."
  2. After successfully sending a test event, you can set up your action. To create it, go to actions in PostHog, click "New action," select "From event or pageview," and match your "not found" custom event.
  3. Select "Post to webhook when this action is triggered," set your message format to [user.pathname] by [user.name], and press save.
  4. Visit http://localhost:3000/test again, and you’ll see a message in your Slack channel.

Note: you can only send actions to one webhook. If you have multiple destinations you want to send to, you can use Zapier.

Further reading